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Peanut is a kind of oilseed with high oil content. The oil can be obtained from peanuts by pressing process. Groundnut oil contains more than 80% unsaturated fatty acids (including 41.2% oleic acid and 37.6% linoleic acid). Besides, there are also palmitic acid, stearic acid, and other saturated fatty acids which cover 19.9%. The fatty acid composition of peanut oil is relatively good, therefore it is easy for human bodies to digest and absorb. Thus, the peanut oil production industry is a large and highly developed business.
Peanut Oil Pressing Flow Chart
Peanut Cleaning-------Peanut Shelling and Separating of Hull & Kernels----Peanut Crushing----Softening, Flaking, Cooking----The peanut pressing
The main steps of peanut oil refining
Refining is to remove impurities, odors and pigments from peanut oil and improve the quality and taste of the oil. The refining process mainly includes steps such as degumming, deacidification, decolorization and deodorization.
Degumming mainly removes phospholipids and other colloidal substances from peanut oil. By heating and adding chemical reagents, colloidal substances such as phospholipids are aggregated into larger particles, which are then removed by centrifugation or filtration.
Deacidification is to reduce the free fatty acid content in peanut oil. Alkaline refining or distillation is usually used for deacidification. The alkali refining method is to add an appropriate amount of alkali solution to neutralize the free fatty acids to generate soap stock and glycerol, and then remove the soap stock through centrifugation or filtration.
Decolorization mainly removes pigments from peanut oil to make the color of the oil clearer. Adsorption decolorization method is usually used, that is, adsorbents such as activated carbon are used to absorb pigments and other impurities in oil.
Deodorization to remove odors and volatile substances from peanut oil and improve the taste and stability of the oil. Deodorization usually uses high-temperature vacuum distillation, under high temperature and vacuum conditions, the odor components in peanut oil are volatilized and removed through condensation collection.
During the deacidification and deodorization process, free fatty acids and low molecular weight substances are distilled out under high temperature vacuum and direct steam conditions. The physical refining deodorization temperature is higher than the conventional temperature. Generally around 260 degrees. During the operation, attention should be paid to rapid temperature rise, balancing the flow of the inlet to be deodorized and the finished oil, and strictly controlling the deodorization time, etc. This is directly related to the technological level of oil refining equipment.
The refined peanut oil is cooled, filled and sealed through automated packaging equipment for storage and sale.
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